Pencak Silat or Silat

Pencak Silat or Silat (fighting by using techniques of self defense) is the Asian martial art with roots in Malay culture. This martial art is widely known in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, and Singapore but can also be found in different variations in different countries according to the spread of ethnic Malays, as in the southern Philippines and southern Thailand. Thanks to the role of the coach from Indonesia, Vietnam now also has a formidable fighter-fighter.Master of martial arts organizations in Indonesia are the IPSI (Institute of Pencak Silat Indonesia). Persilat (Fellowship Among Nations Pencak Silat), is the name of the organization formed by Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam to accommodate federations of martial arts in various countries.
HistorySilat is expected to spread in the archipelago since the 7th century BC, but its origin is uncertain. However, the martial arts is now recognized as an ethnic Malay culture in a broad sense, namely the residents of coastal areas of Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula, as well as various other ethnic groups who use the Malay lingua franca in many parts of the islands of Java , Bali, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and others are also developing their own form of traditional martial arts. The Minangkabau language, martial arts is the same as silek. Sheikh Shamsuddin (2005)  argues that there is the influence of martial arts from China and India in the arts. In fact not only that. This is understandable because it is the Malay culture (including Pencak Silat) is an open culture which since the beginning of the Malay culture has to adapt to different cultures brought by traders and migrants from India, China, Arabs, Turks, and others. Cultures were then assimilated and adapted to indigenous cultures. So presumably the historical martial arts was born simultaneously with the emergence of Malay culture. Thus, each region generally has a proud martial figure. For example, the Malays, especially in the Malay Peninsula believe that Hang Tuah legend of the 14th century was the greatest warrior arts. That kind of thing also happens in Java, which boasts Gajah Mada.The development and spread of martial arts have historically started carrying when the spread is much influenced by the Ulama, seiiring with the spread of Islam in the 14th century in the archipelago. The historical record is considered authentic in the history of martial arts, whose influence can still see today. At that time has taught martial arts along with religious instruction in the mosque-surau. Martial arts and martial arts evolved from mere art and folk dance, a part of the education to defend the country to face the invaders. Besides martial arts also became a part of spiritual practice.

Terms in Pencak Silat

Attitude and MotionPencak silat is a system that consists of the attitude (position) and gestures (movements). When a fighter moves when fighting, attitudes and movements change with the change in the opposite positions on an ongoing basis. Immediately after discovering weaknesses the opponent's defense, then the fighters will try to beat your opponent with a fast attack.
EngineeringPencak Silat has many kinds of defense and attack techniques. Practitioners usually use hands, elbows, arms, legs, knees and feet in attacks. Common techniques including kicks, punches, block, sweep, locking, throwing, holding, breaking joints, and others.
MomentFighters practice moves. Stance is a series of basic movements for the upper and lower body, which is used as a guide to mastering the use of advanced techniques of martial arts (fruit), the time taken to train singly or in pairs. The use of a step, or a small movement of the body, teaches the use of setting foot. When combined, that's barely Association, or the flow throughout the body.

There are four main aspects of the martial arts, 
namely:
Mental and Spiritual Aspects: Pencak silat builds and develops one's personality and noble character. The mighty warriors and ancient martial arts teachers often have to pass through stages of meditation, penance, or other mystical aspect to achieve the highest level of their knowledge.
Aspects of Art and Culture: Culture and the game of "art" of martial arts is one very important aspect. Pencak term generally describes the dance art form of martial arts, with music and traditional dress.
Martial aspects: self-confidence and perseverance are very important in martial arts master in the martial arts. The term martial arts, tend to emphasize the technical aspects of the martial skills of martial arts.
Aspects of Sports: It means that the physical aspects of martial arts is important. Fighters tried to adjust thoughts with body work. The competition is part of this aspect. Aspects of sports games and demonstrations include other forms of stance, both for single, double or team.
Form of martial arts and padepokannya (where berlatihnya) different from each other, in accordance with those aspects that are emphasized. Many streams are found the origin of the observation of a wild animal fights. Silat tigers and monkeys are examples of such streams. Those that argue that the aspect of martial arts and exercise, both physical and breathing, is the beginning of the development of arts. Aspects of sport and martial aspect is what has made martial arts became popular in Europe. However, many argue that the key points of the martial arts eliminated, or simplified, while martial arts to join the world of sports. Therefore, most practitioners of the martial arts continue to focus on traditional or spiritual forms of martial arts, and not follow the membership and rules adopted by Persilat, as a regulator of martial arts organizations worldwide.
Level of proficiencyIn summary, martial arts students or fighters are divided into several stages or levels of proficiency, namely:
Beginners, taught all the basic steps such as horses, technical kicks, punches, blocks, dodgery, catching, dings, body work, as well as a series of basic steps and moves college standards IPSI
Medium, this ditahap, fighter more focused on the application of all the basic movements, understanding, variation, and here will begin to see the interest and talent fighters, and will be distributed to each branch, for example, Sports & Cultural Arts.

Coach, the result of the ability of the mature stage of the experience of novice, intermediate and will make the fighters step into the next stage, where they will be given techniques - techniques martial arts school, where the technique is only given to people who are trustworthy, and capable of technical and moral , because it is usually self-defense technique is highly effective fighting techniques in paralyzing the opponent / very deadly.
Warrior, a fighter who has been recognized by the elders of the college, they will inherit the secret sciences of high level.

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